Log files

cloud-init logs to multiple files:

  • /run/cloud-init/cloud-init-generator.log: Early boot; useful to understand why cloud-init didn’t run.

  • /run/cloud-init/ds-identify.log: Early boot; useful to understand why cloud-init didn’t run or why it detected an unexpected platform.

  • /var/log/cloud-init.log: The primary log file. Verbose, but useful.

  • /var/log/cloud-init-output.log: Captures the output from each stage. Output from user scripts goes here.

Logs are appended to the files in /var/log: files may contain logs from multiple boots.