How to find files#
Cloud-init log files#
Cloud-init
uses two files to log to:
/var/log/cloud-init-output.log
: Captures the output from each stage ofcloud-init
when it runs./var/log/cloud-init.log
: Very detailed log with debugging output, describing each action taken./run/cloud-init
: Contains logs about howcloud-init
enabled or disabled itself, as well as what platforms/datasources were detected. These logs are most useful when trying to determine whatcloud-init
did or did not run.
Be aware that each time a system boots, new logs are appended to the files in
/var/log
. Therefore, the files may contain information from more
than one boot.
When reviewing these logs, look for errors or Python tracebacks.
Configuration files#
Cloud-init
configuration files are provided in two places:
/etc/cloud/cloud.cfg
/etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/*.cfg
These files can define the modules that run during instance initialisation, the datasources to evaluate on boot, as well as other settings.
See the configuration sources explanation and configuration reference pages for more details.
Data files#
Inside the /var/lib/cloud/
directory there are two important
subdirectories:
instance
#
The /var/lib/cloud/instance
directory is a symbolic link that points
to the most recently used instance-id
directory. This folder contains
the information cloud-init
received from datasources, including vendor and
user data. This can help to determine that the correct data was passed.
It also contains the datasource
file that contains the full information
about which datasource was identified and used to set up the system.
Finally, the boot-finished
file is the last thing that
cloud-init
creates.
data
#
The /var/lib/cloud/data
directory contain information related to the
previous boot:
instance-id
: ID of the instance as discovered bycloud-init
. Changing this file has no effect.result.json
: JSON file showing both the datasource used to set up the instance, and whether any errors occurred.status.json
: JSON file showing the datasource used, a breakdown of all four modules, whether any errors occurred, and the start and stop times.